But at the very least, the state will not be depriving appellant of the opportunity to secure acceptance by his fellow students on his own merits. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education, legal case in which the U.S. Supreme Court ruled unanimously (90), on June 5, 1950, that racial segregation within the facilities and institutions of colleges and universities is inconsistent with the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. This page was last edited on 18 March 2023, at 15:55. WebIn 1948, George McLaurin applied to the University of Oklahoma's master's degree program in education. (c) Having been admitted to a state-supported graduate school, appellant must receive the same treatment at the hands of the State as students of other races. The student filed a complaint for injunctive relief, claiming that the statute was unconstitutional because it deprived him of equal protection of the laws. 528. [1], Chief Justice Frederick Vinson, writing for the court, argued that the actions of the University of Oklahoma violated the student's constitutional right to equal protection under the Fourteenth Amendment. Robert L. Carter and Amos T. Hall argued the cause for appellant. In McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 339 U.S. 637 (1950), the Court entertained an appeal from the judgment of a three-judge District Court upholding an Oklahoma statute providing that Negroes, though admissible to white graduate schools, must get that education on a segregated basis. P. 339 U. S. 641. On appeal, the Supreme Court focused on the question of whether officials could treat a student at a state university differently from other students based solely on his race. The Supreme Court reasoned that, under the Fourteenth Amendments equal protection clause, state officials had the legal duty to treat the plaintiff in the same manner as students of other races. His application was rejected because state law prohibited black 526. Create your account. Possessing a Masters Degree, he applied for admission to the University of Oklahoma in order to pursue studies and courses leading to a Doctorate in Education. Appellants case represents, perhaps, the epitome of that need, for he is attempting to obtain an advanced degree in education, to become, by definition, a leader and trainer of others. Decided June 5, 1950. City of Cleburne v. Cleburne Living Center, Inc. Florida Prepaid Postsecondary Education Expense Board v. College Savings Bank, Board of Trustees of the University of Alabama v. Garrett, Nevada Department of Human Resources v. Hibbs, John F. Kennedy's speech to the nation on Civil Rights, Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. 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Although the court declared that the statute allowing officials to deny the student admission to the program was null and void, it refused to grant his request for an injunction, assuming that officials would follow the constitutional mandate in its order. WebMcLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents is a case that was decided on June 5, 1950, by the United States Supreme Court holding that a state cannot treat a student differently on the basis of race. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 339 U.S. 637 (1950), was a United States Supreme Court case that prohibited racial segregation in state supported graduate or professional education. 851, 94 L.Ed. Citing our decisions in State of Missouri ex rel. For some time, the section of the classroom in which appellant sat was surrounded by a rail on which there was a sign stating, "Reserved For Colored," but these have been removed. In McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, (339 U.S. 637, 70 S.Ct. He may wait in line in the cafeteria and there stand and talk with his fellow students, but while he eats he must remain apart. To remove these conditions, appellant filed a motion to modify the order and judgment of the District Court. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Thus, our second decision in the Brown case, 349 U.S. 294, which implemented the earlier one, had no application to a case involving a Negro applying for admission to a state law school. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents (1950) was a case regarding higher education that was decided by the United States Supreme Court saying that colleges Can a state treat a student differently from other students solely because of race? Primary Document. McLaurin had to sit at a separate table in classrooms, the library, and the cafeteria. 638-642. '1 Appellant was thereupon admitted to the University of Oklahoma Graduate School. 640-641. Their own education and development will necessarily suffer to the extent that his training is unequal to that of his classmates. Pp. [ Footnote 1 ] The amendment adds the following proviso to each of the sections relating to mixed schools: Provided, that the provisions of this Section shall not apply to programs of instruction leading to a particular degree given at State owned or operated colleges or institutions of higher education of this State established for and/or used by the white race, where such programs of instruction leading to a particular degree are not given at colleges or institutions of higher education of this State established for and/or used by the colored race; provided further, that said programs of instruction leading to a particular degree shall be given at such colleges or institutions of higher education upon a segregated basis. 70 Okla. Stat. The judgment is, holding that a state-sponsored graduate school's disparate treatment of an African-American student based on race violated the Equal Protection Clause. 0000001037 00000 n She is certified in English and Special Education. In the interval between the decision of the court below and the hearing in this Court, the treatment afforded appellant was altered. Decided June 5, 1950. 0000003722 00000 n Appellant's case represents, perhaps, the epitome of that need, for he is attempting to obtain an advanced degree in education, to become, by definition, a leader and trainer of others. OKLAHOMA STATE REGENTS FOR HIGHER EDUCATION ET AL, holding that a state sponsored graduate school's disparate treatment of an admitted black student based on his race violated the Equal Protection Clause. Al. 0000001912 00000 n Further, the Court ruled that "discrimination had no place in education." 34. WebThe University of Oklahoma accepted George McLaurin to its graduate program in education, but separated him from other students. The school authorities were required to exclude him by the Oklahoma statutes, 70 Okla. Stat. In a 9-0 decision, The United States Supreme Court ruled for McLaurin and against the State of Oklahoma. U.S. Supreme Court Cases: Study Guide & Review, Johnson v. Eisentrager: Case Brief & Summary, Psychological Research & Experimental Design, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses, Ruling of McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents. Pp. On the assumption, however, that the State would follow the constitutional mandate, the court refused to grant the injunction, retaining jurisdiction of the cause with full power to issue any necessary and proper orders to secure McLaurin the equal protection of the laws. Appellant, having been admitted to a state-supported graduate school, must receive the same treatment at the hands of the state as students of other races. This case together with Sweatt v. Painter, which was decided the same day, marked the end of the separate but equal doctrine of Plessy v. Ferguson in graduate and professional education. The proceedings below are stated in the opinion. For some time, the section of the classroom in which appellant sat was surrounded by a rail on which there was a sign stating, 'Reserved For Colored,' but these have been removed. See Sweatt v. Painter, 339 U.S. 629, 70 S.Ct. It further held that to the extent the Oklahoma statutes denied him admission they were unconstitutional and void. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents helped to abolish this policy, specifically in colleges and universities. The amendment provided, however, that in such cases the program of instruction shall be given at such colleges or institutions of higher education upon a segregated basis [1]. This appeal followed. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. As a result of the amended Oklahoma law, the plaintiff was assigned to sit in a row of classroom seats reserved for African American students, had to sit at an assigned table in the library, and, while he was allowed to eat in the cafeteria, he had a designated table. Our society grows increasingly complex, and our need for trained leaders increases correspondingly. 851 [ 94 L.Ed. Mark Tushnet, Making Civil Rights Law: Thurgood Marshall and the Supreme Court, 19361961 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1994). Kenneth has a JD, practiced law for over 10 years, and has taught criminal justice courses as a full-time instructor. In the McLaurin case, the U.S. Supreme Court found that the University of Oklahoma had violated the equal protection clause because the experience needed for a good education could not be accomplished by physically separating McLaurin. HM0O0wz,['+hQ#H pt}~es9p~(/W3&5YfqL4Q7F:6[QcsWP\~)gLBsDhjB`9L[{kNu2[/(DSm:o_zX?aEEn^)}UXR}2 wF%. Robert L. Carter and Amos T. Hall argued the cause for appellant. But they signify that the State, in administering the facilities it affords for professional and graduate study, sets McLaurin apart from the other students. Klarman elaborates on the social, political, and economic factors that shaped the judicial rulings on this case, as well as the many ways in which the final Download: About this Item Title U.S. Reports: McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, Appellant, a Negro citizen of Oklahoma possessing a masters degree, was admitted to the Graduate School of the state-supported University of Oklahoma as a candidate for a doctorate in education and was permitted to use the same classroom, library and cafeteria as white students. Fred Hansen, First Assistant Attorney General of Oklahoma, argued the cause for appellees. [339 U.S. 637, 643]. WebMcLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 339 U.S. 637 (1950) McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education. Heyne v. Metropolitan Nashville Public Schools. 851, present different aspects of this general question: To what extent does the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment limit the power of a state to distinguish between students of different races in professional and graduate education in a state university? However, McLaurin appealed and his case went to the U.S. Supreme Court. In a unanimous decision authored by Chief Justice Fred M. Vinson, the Supreme Court reversed the lower courts decision. 851, 94 L.Ed. Do you find this information helpful? Copyright to all articles and other content in the online and print versions of The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History is held by the Oklahoma Historical Society (OHS). McLaurin uses the same classroom, library and cafeteria as students of other races; there is no indication that the seats to which he is assigned in these rooms have any disadvantage of location. WebMcLAURIN v. OKLAHOMA STATE REGENTS FOR HIGHER EDUCATION et al. 0000071826 00000 n McLaurin won the right to attend the University of Oklahoma without being segregated in any way from his peers. In addition, the court ruled that, insofar as the restrictions that officials imposed on the student impaired and inhibited his ability to study and to engage in discussions and debates with other students as well as faculty, this treatment had a detrimental impact on his overall educational experience. (c) Having been admitted to a state supported graduate school, appellant must receive the same treatment at the hands of the State as students of other races. 247, a statutory three-judge District Court held, 87 F.Supp. US Supreme Court. , nor was it intended to enforce social equality between classes and races." Pursuant to a requirement of state law, 70 Okla. Stat. 0000067670 00000 n Id. The court summarily dismissed this argument, noting that the treatment set the plaintiff apart from other students, because he was still restricted as to where he could sit. Your donation is fully tax-deductible. But they signify that the State, in administering the facilities it affords for professional and graduate study, sets McLaurin apart from the other students. 20 0 obj <> endobj xref 20 27 0000000016 00000 n Read More opinion of Vinson In Fred M. Vinson to white persons only ( Shelley v. Kraemer, 1948). Stateimposed restrictions which produce such inequalities cannot be sustained. Oklahoma. The unanimous decision was delivered on the same day as another case involving similar issues, Sweatt v. Painter. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 339 U.S. 637 (1950). 0000071802 00000 n Yes. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. 455. The proceedings below are stated in the opinion. Pp. Omissions? Appellant is a Negro citizen of Oklahoma. Click here to contact us for media inquiries, and please donate here to support our continued expansion. The judgment below is. Possible Related Names Pitt Pitz Pp. 87 F. Supp. Ann. The studentfiled a complaint requesting injunctive relief, alleging that the action of the school authorities and the statutes upon which their action was based were unconstitutional and deprived himof the equal protection of the laws. rG' 1, Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action, Students for Fair Admissions v. President and Fellows of Harvard College, Personnel Administrator of Massachusetts v. Feeney, Mississippi University for Women v. Hogan. Those who will come under his guidance and influence must be directly affected by the education he receives. The court denied McLaurin's petition. Susan Cianci Salvatore (September 1, 2001), U.S. District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma, Post Office, Courthouse, and Federal Office Building, NCAA v. Board of Regents of the University of Oklahoma, Sipuel v. Board of Regents of the University of Oklahoma, List of landmark African-American legislation, List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 339, public domain material from this U.S government document, National Historic Landmark Nomination: Bizzell Library, University of Oklahoma, Center for Analysis and Prediction of Storms, Cooperative Institute for Mesoscale Meteorological Studies, Julian P. Kanter Political Commercial Archive, Gaylord College of Journalism and Mass Communication, College of Atmospheric and Geographic Sciences, Weitzenhoffer Family College of Fine Arts. McLAURINv.OKLAHOMA STATE REGENTS FOR HIGHER EDUCATION et al. Dictionary of American Family Names Patrick Hanks 2003, 2006. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 87 F. Supp. Please select which sections you would like to print: Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. On January 28, 1948, a retired black professor, George McLaurin, applied to the University of Oklahoma to pursue a Doctorate in Education. An Oklahoma law permitted Black A small donation would help us keep this available to all. Appellant, having been admitted to a state-supported graduate school, must receive the same treatment at the hands of the state as students of other races. It may be argued that appellant will be in no better position when these restrictions are removed, for he may still be set apart by his fellow students. Following this decision, the Oklahoma legislature amended these statutes to permit the admission of Negroes to institutions of higher learning attended by white students, in cases where such institutions offered courses not available in the Negro schools. Briefs of amici curiae, supporting appellant, were filed by Solicitor General Perlman and Philip Elman for the United States; Paul G. Annes for the American Federation of Teachers; Phineas Indritz for the American Veterans Committee, Inc.; Arthur J. Goldberg for the Congress of Industrial Organizations; Edward J. Ennis and Saburo Kido for the Japanese American Citizens League; and Arthur Garfield Hays and Eugene Nickerson for the American Civil Liberties Union. In apparent conformity with the amendment, his admission was made subject to "such rules and regulations as to segregation as the President of the University shall consider to afford to Mr. G. W. McLaurin substantially equal educational opportunities as are afforded to other persons seeking the same education in the Graduate College," a condition which does not appear to have been withdrawn. McLaurin uses the same classroom, library and cafeteria as students of other races; there is no indication that the seats to which he is assigned in these rooms have any disadvantage [339 U.S. 637, 641] of location. 0000007159 00000 n In 2001, the Bizzell Memorial Library, the main library at the University of Oklahoma, was designated a U.S. National Historic Landmark in commemoration of this case. R(/LS S!|9Md(Bz_&zKCq(x, 2*V)Aac!:! Their own education and development will necessarily suffer to the extent that his training is unequal to that of his classmates. The federal court in Oklahoma City also stated that the purpose of the Constitution was not to abolish the differences between races. 70 S.Ct. He may wait in line in the cafeteria and there stand and talk with his fellow students, but while he eats he must remain apart. (1950) 455, 456, 457. . WebThe school districts appealed, claiming that the federal courts did not have jurisdiction over education, but the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals ultimately upheld McCormicks decision on April 14, 1947, ruling that the schools actions violated California law. Discover the ruling of this important court case of 1950. Pp. 0000062723 00000 n Oklahoma State Regents . Plessy v. Ferguson was a case decided by the Supreme Court in 1896 that said segregation was constitutional as long as the separate facilities provided were of equal standard. HWs* 2zjZm,Bk*y"_qc B*>.bjK\Tzk.7EWk9#@3F/]3w=# La\V&om76 BU@*F2Lb DMkLuyY)<8,!os2W 7$'X0AOq k U0k McLaurin appealed to the United States Supreme Court on the basis that he was being denied equal protection under the 14th Amendment. WebCanada, 305 U.S. 337 ; Sipuel v. Oklahoma, 332 U.S. 631 ; Sweatt v. Painter, 339 U.S. 629 ; McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 339 U.S. 637 . Users agree not to download, copy, modify, sell, lease, rent, reprint, or otherwise distribute these materials, or to link to these materials on another web site, without authorization of the Oklahoma Historical Society. Fred Hansen, First Assistant Attorney General of Oklahoma, argued the cause for appellees. This includes individual articles (copyright to OHS by author assignment) and corporately (as a complete body of work), including web design, graphics, searching functions, and listing/browsing methods. The Voting Rights Act Age 17 The Voting Rights Act prohibits racial discrimination in voting. It may be argued that appellant will be in no better position when these restrictions are removed, for he may still be set apart by his fellow students. For some time, the section of the classroom in which appellant sat was surrounded by a rail on which there was a sign stating, Reserved For Colored, but these have been removed. 0000004461 00000 n Ballotpedia features 408,463 encyclopedic articles written and curated by our professional staff of editors, writers, and researchers. 526 (W.D. 0000062655 00000 n 87 F. Supp. The judgment is reversed. 0000002024 00000 n (a) The restrictions imposed upon appellant impair and inhibit his ability to study, to engage in discussions and exchange views with other students, and, in general, to learn his profession. 0000000836 00000 n 851, 94 L.Ed. The removal of the state restrictions will not necessarily abate individual and group predilections, prejudices and choices. WebIn McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, supra, the Court, in requiring that a Negro admitted to a white graduate school be treated like all other students, again resorted to intangible considerations: ". 0000001774 00000 n OF CORRECTIONS 2020 OK CIV APP 42 Case Number: 118004 Decided: 02/21/2020 Mandate Issued: 07/29/2020 DIVISION III THE WebMcLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education , legal case in which the U.S. Supreme Court ruled unanimously (90), on June 5, 1950, that racial segregation within the facilities and institutions of colleges and universities is inconsistent Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. The Fourteenth Amendment provides equal protection for citizens under the law. Gaines v. Canada, 305 U.S. 337 (1938), and Sipuel v. Board of Regents, 332 U.S. 631 (1948), a statutory three-judge District Court held that the State had a Constitutional duty to provide him with the education he sought as soon as it provided that education for applicants of any other group. At that time, his application was denied, solely because of his race. That court held that such treatment did not violate the provisions of the Fourteenth Amendment and denied the motion. In McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents [ 339 U.S. 637, 70 S.Ct. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, an important case leading up to the U.S. Supreme Court's 1954 decision in Brown v. Board of Education, struck down the Oklahoma statute that mandated segregation in education. The result was that he was handicapped in his pursuit of effective graduate instruction. McLaurin successfully sued in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma to gain admission to the institution (87 F. Supp. Their own education and development will necessarily suffer to the extent that his training is unequal to that of his classmates. Held: the conditions under which appellant is required to receive his education deprive him of his personal and present right to the equal protection of the laws, and the Fourteenth Amendment precludes such differences in treatment by the State based upon race. The litigation in McLaurin began to take shape when George W. McLaurin, an African American student with a masters degree, applied for admission to the University of Oklahoma in pursuit of a doctorate in education but was denied entry solely because of his race. - Discoveries, Timeline & Facts, Presidential Election of 1848: Summary, Candidates & Results, Lord Charles Cornwallis: Facts, Biography & Quotes, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand: Quotes & Biography, Who is Jose de San Martin? Hoping to earn a doctorate in education, he applied for admission to graduate study at Oklahoma's all Research: Josh Altic Vojsava Ramaj AFRICAN AMERICANS, BROOKSVILLE, CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT, ROSCOE DUNJEE, ADA LOIS SIPUEL FISHER, AMOS T. HALL, NAACP, SEGREGATION, UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA. Dist.) We conclude that the conditions under which this appellant is required to receive his education deprive him of his personal and present right to the equal protection of the laws. Pursuant to a requirement of state law that the instruction of Negroes in institutions of higher education be upon a segregated basis, however, he was assigned to a seat in the classroom in a row specified for Negro students, was assigned to a special table in the library, and, although permitted to eat in the cafeteria at the same time as other students, was assigned to a special table there. With him on the brief was Mac Q. Williamson, Attorney General. 339 U. S. 640-641. The court found that the university's inaction in providing separate facilities, in order to meet Oklahoma state law, allowing McLaurin to attend the institution was a violation of his Constitutional rights. Tech: Matt Latourelle Ryan Burch Kirsten Corrao Beth Dellea Travis Eden Tate Kamish Margaret Kearney Eric Lotto Joseph Sanchez. In the interval between the decision of the court below and the hearing in this Court, the treatment afforded appellant was altered. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. Brianna has her undergraduate degree in English Education and her master's degree in Urban Education. 0000071278 00000 n Heyne's factual allegations state a plausible claim against Manuel for violation of his right to equal, Geier, 801 F.2d at 805.Missouri ex rel. Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) had made segregation a standard practice in much of the American South. 0000001099 00000 n P. 641. The following (as per The Chicago Manual of Style, 17th edition) is the preferred citation for articles:Alfred L. Brophy, McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents (1950), The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture, https://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=MC034. WebMcLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education et al. WebIn McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, McLaurin argued that the Fourteenth Amendment was being violated by how they were being treated. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google. Where conditions exist where a student of color is required to receive his education deprive him of his personal and present right to the equal protection of the laws such circumstances the, Reversing, the Supreme Court of the United States held that a state could not treat a student differently from other students on the basis of race as the, Don't Miss Important Points of Law with BARBRI Outlines (Login Required).
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