Liquefaction was also a significant issue, especially in the heavily damaged Marina District of San Francisco, but its effects were also seen in the East Bay, and near the shore of Monterey Bay, where a non-destructive tsunami was also observed.[11]. Santa Cruz Public Libraries. A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. [43][44] KCBS-AM (CBS News Radio) switched immediately to backup power and managed to stay on air despite a subsequent generator failure. (All four network-affiliated TV stations (KRON, KGO, KTVU and CBS affiliate KPIX) would recover enough to broadcast continuous breaking news coverage of the aftermath of the quake for the next several hours, some of it picked up and broadcast nationally over their respective networks, as well as on CNN, in a manner anticipating later major catastrophes such as the 1994 Los Angeles earthquake and the 9/11 terror attacks). WebQuestion: 1)The 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake a)Produced little damage because most of the areas affected were built on bedrock b)Destroyed freeways and buildings built on landfill c. Was produced by a normal fault d.Was produced by a reverse fault 2 )A _____ earthquake on the Richter scale can cause significant property damage. It was even unclear if the As-Giants Bay Bridge Series would be able to resume at the time. The units consist of alluvial fan, beach ridge, river delta topset and foreset beds, eolian dune, point bar, flood basin, natural river and alluvial fan levees, abandoned river channel, deep-water lake, lagoonal, We calculated liquefaction potential index for a grid of sites in the Evansville, Indiana area for two scenario earthquakes-a magnitude 7.7 in the New Madrid seismic zone and a M6.8 in the Wabash Valley seismic zone. Rather, the resulting transpression force pushes up the local terrain and helps explain why these are the highest peaks in the Santa Cruz Mountains.[6]. endstream endobj 51 0 obj <>/Font 54 0 R/ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI]/XObject 55 0 R>>/Type /Page>> endobj 52 0 obj [/CalGray <>] endobj 53 0 obj [/ICCBased 60 0 R] endobj 54 0 obj <> endobj 55 0 obj <> endobj 56 0 obj <> endobj 57 0 obj <> endobj 58 0 obj <> endobj 59 0 obj <> endobj 60 0 obj <> stream [48] Among the four deaths, one family lost their infant son who choked on dust while trapped for an hour inside their collapsed apartment. [71] Because of new highway structure design guidelines the requirement of ductile construction elements instituted following the 1971 San Fernando earthquake, a limited degree of earthquake reinforcement was retrofitted to the Cypress Viaduct in 1977. CGS's Related Maps and Publications. Also, during the 1989 Loma Prieta, California earthquake, liquefaction of the soils and debris used to fill in a lagoon caused major subsidence, fracturing, and horizontal sliding of the ground surface in the Marina district in San Francisco. [8][13], The ML 5.3 June 1988 and the ML 5.4 August 1989 events also occurred on previously unknown oblique reverse faults and were within 3mi (4.8km) of the M6.9 Loma Prieta mainshock epicenter, near the intersection of the San Andreas and Sargent faults. Well, folks, that's the greatest open in the history of television! ", "Forecasts of the 1989 Loma Prieta, California, earthquake", "Main-shock and very early aftershock activity", "1 Dead as 5.1 Quake Jolts Bay Area: Man, 19, Leaps to Death in Panic; Damage Minor", "Near-source modeling of the Loma Prieta earthquake: Evidence for heterogeneous slip and implications for earthquake hazard", "Broadband study of the source characteristics of the earthquake", "Profile of mortality from the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake using coroner and medical examiner reports", "Out of the Rubble. The collapse of a section of the double-deck Nimitz Freeway in Oakland was the site of the largest number of casualties for the event, but the collapse of man-made structures and other related accidents contributed to casualties occurring in San Francisco, Los Altos, and Santa Cruz. the state of california is overdue for another big earthquake. Here is a brief list. Copyright 2023 NBCUniversal Media, LLC. WebThe Loma Prieta, California, earthquake of October 17, 1989-- hydrologic disturbances : strong ground motion and ground failure The Loma Prieta, California, earthquake of October 17, 1989-- Marina District : strong ground motion and ground failure The Loma Prieta, California, earthquake of October 17, 1989 : lifelines There were no seismic activity in that area for years, therefore tension built up over a very long period, With a M6.5 event on the San Juan Bautista segment, or an M7 event on the San Francisco Peninsula segment, United States Geological Survey (USGS) seismologist Allan Lindh's 1983 forecasted rupture length of 25 miles (40km) (starting near Pajaro Gap, and continuing to the northwest) for the San Juan Bautista segment nearly matched the actual rupture length of the 1989 event. [62] In other Santa Cruz and Monterey county locations such as Boulder Creek and Moss Landing, a number of structures were damaged, with some knocked off of their foundations. Provide food and shelter for other a)Produced little damage because most of the areas affected were On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Significant earthquakes that have been accompanied by surface fault rupture and/or soil liquefaction occurred in this region in 1892 (M7.1), 1915 (M6.3; M7.1), 1930 (M5.7), 1940 (M6.9, The U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating scientists have recently assessed the effects of a magnitude 7.1 earthquake on the Tacoma Fault Zone in Pierce County, Washington. Here we look back at the Loma Prieta earthquake and the 1989 World Series: The Loma Prieta earthquake was on Oct. 17, 1989. Image of collapsed Cypress freeway structure in, USGS ShakeMaps showing similar intensity patterns for the June 1988 (left) and August 1989 events near, Oakland and Interstate 880/Cypress Viaduct, 1989 World Series and television coverage of earthquake, Todd Kennedy Hitting the American Highway: The Ontology of the Hobo-hero 2007 "she also utilizes, 1915 Panama-Pacific International Exposition, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "The origin of the tsunami excited by the 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake Faulting or slumping", "Comparing sea level response at Monterey, California from the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake and the 1964 Great Alaskan earthquake", "The origin of the tsunami excited by the 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake Faulting or slumping? All rights reserved, Remembering when Loma Prieta postponed A's-Giants World Series, How Many QBs Were Drafted in 2023? 0000004685 00000 n When electrical power to the stadium was lost, someone drove a police car onto the field, where an officer used the car's public address system to advise that the game had been postponed. [19][20] The highest number of deaths, 42,[21] occurred in Oakland because of the collapse of the Cypress Street Viaduct on the Nimitz Freeway (Interstate 880), where the upper level of a double-deck portion of the freeway collapsed, crushing the cars on the lower level, and causing crashes on the upper level. [22], The Marina district was built on a landfill made of a mixture of sand, dirt, rubble, waste, and other materials containing a high percentage of groundwater. [22] One of these drivers did not see the open gap in time; the car plunged over the edge and smashed onto the collapsed roadbed. The malfunctions during the aftermath of the earthquake caused confusion as to whether an earthquake would cause the Emergency Broadcast System to activate. Fog-shrouded Monterey Bay and the Monterey peninsula are visible in the background in this late-afternoon approach to San Jos International Airport. For example, the 1964 Niigata earthquake caused widespread liquefaction in Niigata, Japan which destroyed many buildings. xwTTwz0z.0. 6 of 239 7 of 239 In this photo taken Oct. 17, 1989, a pick up truck sits on the Cypress freeway in Oakland, Calif., after it collapsed during the Loma Prieta earthquake. Where the footwall sinks, but the hanging wall stays put. The so-called Negro Leagues __________ players of whom any team would have been proud. The significant amount of vertical displacement in 1989 was a key aspect to consider because a long-term sequence of 1989-type events (with an 80100-year recurrence interval) normally result in regions with high topographic relief, which is not seen in the Santa Cruz Mountains. An updated forecast was presented in 1988, at which time Lindh took the opportunity to assign a new name to the San Juan Bautista segment the Loma Prieta segment. Expert Answer. [66] Traffic on both decks came to a halt, blocked by the section of the roadbed. What type of fault caused the loma preita earthquake? While the teams' stadiums had suffered only minor damage, it took several days for power and transmission links at Candlestick Park to be repaired. [37] In Moss Landing, the liquefaction destroyed the causeway that carried the Moss Beach access road across a tidewater basin, damaged the approach and abutment of the bridge linking Moss Landing spit to the mainland and cracked the paved road on Paul's Island. Which plates caused these faults on the San Andreas Fault line? Example 1. Farther away from the Santa Cruz Mountains, pieces of concrete fell from a parking structure at the Sunnyvale Town Center, a two-level shopping mall in Santa Clara County. tqX)I)B>== 9. How long did the Santa Cruz County Shelter remain open? This Fact Sheet describes post-earthquake products and tools provided by the Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS) through the U.S. Geological Survey Earthquake Hazards Program. A lock () or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. These features include dikes, craters, vented sand, sills, and laterally spreading landslides. San Jose International Airport,[77] Oakland International Airport and San Francisco International Airport all opened the next morning. However, experts claim that more people would have died had it not been for the World Series as many were watching the game rather than sitting in traffic on freeways, where most of the casualties occurred. ensure that the full range of ground motions are recorded on scale. [58] A woman was found dead inside Ford's. Loma Prieta and other nearby mountain peaks are pushed upward by local collision forces associated with a left bend in the San Andreas fault. Counselling victims [12], Since many forecasts had been presented for the region near Loma Prieta, seismologists were not taken by surprise by the October 1989 event. [41] KCBS later won a Peabody Award for their news coverage, as did KGO-TV. WebForewordThe 1906 Great San Francisco earthquake (magnitude 7.8) and the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake (magnitude 6.9) each motivated residents of the San Francisco Bay As a consequence the normally crowded freeways contained unusually light traffic. (AP Photo/Paul Sakuma, file) Can you feel an earthquake if you're in a cave? Heh! Eastbound drivers stuck on the lower deck between the collapse and Yerba Buena Island were routed up to the upper deck and westward back to San Francisco. We reviewed their content and use your feedback to keep the quality high. [37] There were structural failures of twin bridges across Struve Slough near Watsonville. 00:04 UTC in the Santa Cruz Mountains of Earthquake information products and tools from the Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS), An open repository of earthquake-triggered ground-failure inventories, Understanding earthquake hazards in urban areas - Evansville Area Earthquake Hazards Mapping Project, Liquefaction probability curves for surficial geologic deposits, Liquefaction hazard for the region of Evansville, Indiana, Liquefaction and other ground failures in Imperial County, California, from the April 4, 2010, El Mayor-Cucapah earthquake, A magnitude 7.1 earthquake in the Tacoma Fault Zone A plausible scenario for the southern Puget Sound region, Washington, The MW 7.0 Haiti Earthquake of January 12, 2010: USGS/EERI Advance Reconnaissance Team Report, Liquefaction hazard maps for three earthquake scenarios for the communities of San Jose, Campbell, Cupertino, Los Altos, Los Gatos, Milpitas, Mountain View, Palo Alto, Santa Clara, Saratoga, and Sunnyvale, Northern Santa Clara County, California, Use of liquefaction-induced features for paleoseismic analysis - An overview of how seismic liquefaction features can be distinguished from other features and how their regional distribution and properties of source sediment can be used to infer the locat, The Loma Prieta, California, Earthquake of October 17, 1989: Strong ground motion and ground failure. It happened on October 17, 1989, at 5:04 p.m. local time. The epicenter was located in the Santa Cruz mountains, near Loma Prieta peak, about 70 Unlike other nearby (high gain) seismographs that were overwhelmed (driven off scale) by the large magnitude mainshock, the four accelerometers captured a useful record of the main event and more than half an hour of the early aftershock activity. San Francisco Chronicle front page on Oct. 18, 1989, after the 6.9 Loma Prieta earthquake that shook San Francisco and the Bay Area along the San Andreas fault line. For the latter event, peak ground accelerations range from 0.13 gravity to 0.81 gravity, sufficiently high to be of concern for liquefaction. Passed on the responsibility between offices and posts From the Archives: ABC7's Peabody Award winning coverage of 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake; Shaken and then stirred. xc```c`` 9AXlI5 )+% 0m@sb~*b@@;?+aq N 0000001156 00000 n The thirty year probability for one or more M7 earthquakes in the study area was given as 50%, but because of a lack of information and low confidence, a 30% probability was assigned to the Southern Santa Cruz Mountains segment. [37] For example, sand volcanoes formed in a field near Pajaro as well as in a strawberry field. The game was initially postponed due to safety concerns for fans in the ballpark and the loss of power. With an Mw magnitude of 6.9[10] and a maximum Modified Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent), the shock was responsible for 63 deaths and 3,757 injuries.
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