huizi and zhuangzi about gourds

Please read this book to learn how to take advantage of the abundant language resources and opportunities for communication that surround you. Reding, Jean-Paul. I cannot stress enough the importance of being an independent individual in order to achieve success in language learning. Why dont philosophers just state their questions or positions more plainly? Hansen, Chad. Imaginations wander through a world of Zhuangzis human and non-human characters, but unlike with the Western thought experiments, bringing back observations of such people and situations with the express purpose of better helping and understanding our own lives is not necessarily the point. Huizi and Zhuangzi about gourds; the story of Cook Ding (sometimes called Butcher Ding); and the story of Wheelwright Pian. Think of the crooked tree. 2012. Were There Inner Chapters in the Warring States? Napoli: Universit degli Studie di Napoli LOrientale.. 2005. Other philosophers have subsequently offered slightly different variations of the trolley problem, but in all of these it is assumed that the humans involved are human beings with normal capabilities and desires who just happen to be in a very unfortunate situation. Neuchtel: Peter Lang. Google Scholar. But Mary has never actually seen anything colored because she lives in a black and white world. Theory of Non-Emotion in the Zhuangzi and Its Connection to Wei-Jin Poetry. Journal of Chinese Philosophy 40.2: 340354. Ironic, then, that our representative of logic, logician Huizi, is not capable of such creativity. All Is Well in the Great Mess. People want to make sense of him and offer a charitable interpretation where the various threads in his writing can be woven together so we can attribute a consistent view to Zhuangzi. Our text offers three additional examples: Nie Ques conversation with Wang Ni; Huizi and Zhuangzi about gourds; the story of Cook Ding (sometimes called Butcher Ding); and the story of Wheelwright Pian. His epigrams and parables praised those who achieved mastery through constant practice of a skill, following their own inclinations, He scorned complicated explanations and theories. In Western thought experiments although there often are elements that defy reality as we know it, it is understood that that kind of setup is necessary to bring out certain features of a problem that do correspond to our reality. Tang, Yijie. The Asian master of wit and storytelling is the Daoist, Zhuangzi (sometimes spelled Chuang-Tzu). There can be no value in it. You tell me, what is the problem with the following syllogism? Contrast the greater man with the lesser. In fact, there is more value in destroying it than keeping it around. Now imagine we were discussing an idea, say, a potential solution to a problem. 2014. Introduction: Emotions and the Conceptual History of Qing . In Love and Emotions in Traditional Chinese Literature, edited by Halvor Eifring. For example, Nozick claims that no one would actually plug into his Experience Machine for life, and he uses this to argue that there is something wrong with utilitarianism, the view which states that all we should care about is maximizing pleasure. 3099067 Even if we are confident about what to do in an imaginary case, the criticism has been raised that thought experiments dont actually reflect a truth about reality; rather, they just reflect our beliefs about reality13. Must? This so-called Trolley Problem was originally introduced by Philippa Foot5, but arguably was made famous by Judith Thomson6, and it is used in many discussions of either utilitarian moral theory or the ethics of killing versus letting die, with regards to certain scenarios in bioethics. had a gourd of over a hundred pounds. 13Zhuangzi is known for giving voice to many different creatures humans of all sorts and a host of animals as well. In raising a question, or challenging or illustrating a certain view, the thought experiment stands on its own. Zhuangzi does write that Master Chariot is of sound mind. Or in Jacksons case, why couldnt he just have stated that there are things about our experience of color that cannot be learned through propositions in science? Dancy is mainly concerned with thought experiments in ethics, and in defending a version of moral particularism, although some of what he says can be applied to thought experiments generally. Once weve gotten the message e.g., about utilitarianism, physicalism, or transformations in life Zhuangzi is suggesting that in some sense we can leave behind the artificial intellectual trap that got us the idea. Mair, Victor H., trans. Emotions and Genuineness in Chinese Native Thinking: A Response to Graham and Hansen ():. Journal of Beijing Youth Politics College 14.1: 4852. WebZongzi ( Chinese: ) or simply zong (Cantonese Jyutping: zung2) is a traditional Chinese rice dish made of glutinous rice stuffed with different fillings and wrapped in bamboo Paris: Cathasia, 2e tirage. It is to Zhuangzi that we now turn. <> Roy Sorensen 1992 has a discussion of several criticisms on the use of thought experiments, stories, and intuition pumps, as Daniel Dennett calls them. Beijing : Zhonghua Shuju . Si, L , trans. They are used in all branches of philosophy, including ethics, metaphysics and epistemology. 1913/1983. Correspondence to Albany: State University of New York Press. Dordrecht: Springer. Promises and previsions in architecture and philosophy, Nespolo e la filosofia. Ziporyn, Brook, trans. A New Commentary on the Zhuangzi [in modern Chinese] . https://scholarworks.iu.edu/dspace/handle/2022/23427 (last accessed on November 27, 2020). Now you had these gigantic gourds. Chong, Kim-chong. Early Confucian Perspectives on Emotions. In Dao Companion to Classical Confucian Philosophy, edited by Vincent Shen. On the other hand, youre certainly not a fish so that still proves you dont know what fish enjoy!, Zhuangzi said, Lets go back to your original question, please. but we dont typically look at what other things the philosopher has said or what we know about the person in order to figure out how to interpret a thought experiment. In Les pres du systme Taoste. Foot, P., 1967, The problem of abortion and the Doctrine of Double Effect, Oxford Review, V. Hochsmann, H., Guorong, Y., 2007, Zhuangzi, Boston, Pearson Education. To smash it into pieces is to say, This thing is just a waste of space and a frustration for me. 2007. Zhuangzi, aka Chang Tzu, aka Zhuang Zhao, was a Chinese Taoist master, c. 300 AD. The Status of Qing in Philosophical Texts of Ancient China. In Expressions of States of Mind in Asia, edited by Paolo Santangelo. How extraordinary of the maker of things to knot me up like this. 2015. Searle, J., 1980, Minds, brains and programs, Behavioral and Brain Sciences, III: 417-457. ______. Virg, Curie. First, we demonstrate that, while Huizi probably understands qing as something like feelings or emotions, Zhuangzis view is that having qing is connected with making shifei judgments whereas having no qing means that shifei has no grip on those ren, especially the shengren. Hui Tzu10 said to Chuang Tzu, "The king of Wei gave me some seeds of a huge gourd. On another nearby track there is only one person working. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Google Scholar. People who follow their natures and pursue their own path to language learning will be happier and more successful than learners who try meet goals set for them by others. Psychology and Self-Cultivation in Early Taoistic Thought. Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 51.2: 599650. Sometimes they are also in extraordinary situations, sometimes not. 2003. A snare is for rabbits: when youve got the rabbit, you can forget the snare. Beijing : Zhongguo Huaqiao Chubanshe . Arthur C. Danto e l'ontologia dell'arte, Il Significato Eluso. Zhang, Gengguang , trans. Zhuang Zi . He lives an unexamined life and is thereby ignorant of his own ignorance. Or consider the story of Huizi and the yard-long gourd that was too big to be a ladle so Huizi smashes it because it was useless.20 Zhuangzi then tells a story about a smart traveler who knew how to make good use of an ointment for chapped hands. Albany: State University of New York Press. What follows is that the expression wuqing should not be identified as a doctrine of nonemotion. Instead, wuqing implies that Zhuangzi advises us to lead a life of tranquility, calmness, and stillness. Giles, Herbert A., trans. Ma, L., van Brakel, J. Revisiting the Exchange between Zhuangzi and Huizi on Qing. Perhaps Zhuangzi would affirm Master Chariot for being so free. 2010. Wang, Rongpei, trans. Indianapolis: Hackett. I used them as water containers, but they were so heavy that I couldn't lift them. Paris: Les belles lettres. Even though the lessons are in story form, that doesnt mean that they are easy to decipher. Perhaps none other than reflection, broadening of the mind, wonder. Zhang, Mosheng, , trans. This study presents clear modern logic analysis of the debate; it can also provide a more reliable logical basis for the discussions of Zhuangzi and Huizis related philosophical thoughts. Change), You are commenting using your Facebook account. 2016. Let us bring our Wandering Far and Unfettered to a close here in this third Meditation of the Zhuangzis opening chapter. Ma, Lin, and Jaap van Brakel. In these classic thought experiments, and many others, there is a clear question being asked. It is the acknowledgement of his ignorance which give him a reason to better himselfbecause he knows just how far he is from who he could become. Zhuangzi on Qing: Lack of Qing, Giving Free Reign to Qing, and Setting Qing at Rest :. Philosophical Researches 4: 5059. I planted it, and when it matured it weighed over a hundred pounds. Beijing : Zhonghua Shuju . Our text offers three additional examples: Nie Ques conversation with Wang Ni; Huizi and Zhuangzi about gourds; the story of Cook Ding (sometimes called Butcher Ding); and the story of Wheelwright Pian. Lenehan, Katia. ______. 2015. 2009. Jinan : Qilu Shushe . Although some of Zhuangzis stories may fail as good thought experiments by Western standards, due to the lack of clear questions and positions advanced, I submit that in other ways, his stories are not less effective in encouraging readers to question their own views and to consider alternative perspectives. 2010. WebHuizis truism that Zhuangzi is not a fish shows some appreciation of the problem of SpR, but the ensuing conclusion that Zhuangzi couldnt know fish happiness assumes that Dordrecht: Springer. Zhuangzi is a master storyteller and he uses that talent to teach important moral and philosophical lessons. Then I will explain some differences in the way Zhuangzi presents and uses fictional anecdotes. It amounts to life-affirmation or to life-denialto acceptance or to rejection. 1When it comes to persuading people to acknowledge a truth or think a certain way, there are many ways that we try to discover and convince each other of the truth. Psychology and Self-Cultivation in Early Taoistic Thought. Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 51.2: 599650. Jinan : Qilu Shushe . but if its not clear what we are supposed to remember, then whats the point? This seems at odds with Zhuangzi as one of the two main Saggi in onore di Lucia Pizzo Russo, la neurofenomenologia. Different disciplines have their different tools for doing so. Dschuang-Dsi. What follows is that the expression wuqing should not be identified as a doctrine of nonemotion. Instead, wuqing implies that Zhuangzi advises us to lead a life of tranquility, calmness, and stillness. Lin Ma. . Dordrecht: Springer. The Zhuangzi () is named after Zhung Zhu (), who flourished in the later half of the fourth century bce. Eno, Robert, trans. Zhuangzi. Dao Afterwards, one leaves behind the fantastical elements of the thought experiment and is just left with a proposition about human morality, epistemology, etc. HuiZi said to ZhuangZi, "The Prince of Wei gave me a seed of a large-sized kind of gourd. Even though the lessons are in story form, that doesnt mean that they are easy to decipher. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Fundamentals of Comparative and Intercultural Philosophy. 2 0 obj One reason Since these questions might be hard to grasp in the abstract, philosophers come up with thought experiments, and based on what our understanding of the hypothetical situation is, we then move to a similar real-world scenario, having gained insight, supposedly, of how to think about those situations. Wieger, Lon, trans. Keep me logged in (not suitable for shared devices). I planted it, and it bore a fruit as big as a five bushel measure. 13 Roy Sorensen 1992 has a discussion of several criticisms on the use of thought experiments, stories, and intuition pumps, as Daniel Dennett calls them. She knows an enormous amount of information about color, much more than you or I do, but is there anything she doesnt know about color if she has only read all about it? Feeling in Zhuangzi: From Joy to Serenity. In Expressions of States of Mind in Asia, edited by Paolo Santangelo. Beyond the Troubled Water of Shifei: From Disputation to Walking-Two-Roads in the Zhuangzi. 21Van Norden makes the following comment on this story as it relates to an overarching theme we see in Zhuangzi about freeing the mind: By stressing flexible responsiveness to particular contexts, Zhuangzi encourages us to think in creative and nontraditional ways. The Tradition of Emotive Writing in the Zhuangzi and Its Echoes in Later Generations. Frontiers of Philosophy in China 10.3: 340352. endobj 2007. WebHuizi and Zhuangzi. However, what he does not realize is that he cannot assume that his premises are right, that each point is itself necessarily true. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press. One reason Zhuangzi and Huizi were strolling on a bridge over the River Hao, when the former observed, See how the minnows dart between the rocks! Did you know that with a free Taylor & Francis Online account you can gain access to the following benefits? 6Consider the following widely known thought experiments. Legge, James, trans. Albany: SUNY Press. 1981/2001. First I will discuss Western thought experiments and a few reasons that have been given for and against using these tools to acquire knowledge. new essays on wine, taste, philosophy and aesthetics, arte, psicologia e realismo. Changsha : Hunan Renmin Chubanshe . I split them into ladles but they were too big to dip into anything. Zhuangzi and Huizi were strolling along the bridge over the Hao River. 2003. 2004. Qing (Emotions) in Pre-Buddhist Chinese Thought. In Emotions in Asian Thought: A Dialogue in Comparative Philosophy, edited by Joel Marks and Roger T. Ames. We could leave out the trolley and avoid questions about why it's a runaway trolley and why you can't shout to the people on the tracks (which, if it were a real case, would seem like very reasonable things to do). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Emotion and Agency in Zhuangzi. Asian Philosophy: An International Journal of the Philosophical Traditions of the East 21.1: 97121. If thats so, then its not helpful in informing us about what to do in the real-world case, and now we have two problem cases instead of one.12 He also implies that the difficult features of the actual case that were selectively removed might in fact be relevant in terms of what we ought to do in the actual case. Zhang, Gengguang , trans. https://scholarworks.iu.edu/dspace/handle/2022/23427 (last accessed on November 27, 2020). 2010. The great man rises high into the air, that is, he raises his consciousnesshe becomes aware even of those things which scare and disgust him, even about himself (especially about himself). We might glean this lesson from taking in a set of Zhuangzis stories, with the assumption that he has some consistent view. Learn more about Institutional subscriptions. There is a question in the literature about whether Zhuangzi is more of a relativist or a skeptic15, and it is often hard to pin down what his own stance positive stance is, if he has one. 1928/1989. Liu, Qingping. This engenders in him an arrogance which in turn leads him to believe that that which makes sense to him is necessarily correct. Article Thats what it means to construct for oneself a fictional intellectual opponent with which to spar. Wheres the problem? you might be wondering. 2003. New York: Bantam Books. Sometimes he offers a direct commentary on a certain character or view; other times he doesnt. 2015. The video below (Flight from the Shadow) is an example of the type of teaching he engaged in. 2010. Feng, Youlan, trans. Such is the happiness of fishes. You not being a fish, said Huizi, how can Master Chariot is one of many characters Zhuangzi discusses who is odd, for lack of a better word, and perhaps Zhuangzi would like us to see that Master Chariot, as well as other unique characters in our communities, are people who still have a voice and should be paid attention to because they may have important things to say about living naturally and freely. 2003. Nozick, R., 1974,Anarchy, State, and Utopia, New York, Basic Books. 22The above stories show that sometimes Zhuangzi is forthright on what he thinks about a certain creature, human or otherwise. 2014. Part of Springer Nature. A true language learner must be like the crooked tree of Zhuangzi, not seeking perfection of form, but prospering by taking advantage of surrounding resources. Bradley, Scott P. 2015. Lynn, Richard John. Emotions That Do Not Move: Zhuangzi and Stoics on Self-Emerging Feelings. Dao: A Journal of Comparative Philosophy 14.4: 521544. over 2,300 years ago He taught the Tao, or way, an approach to life based on effortlessness and harmony with ones nature. In fact, in Zhuangzis case, the featured voices are often non-human. That is to say, we each contain this same oppositional force within and among us. 2018. My organs are all out of order. Zhuangzi then states to him Youcertainly are dense when it comes to using big things! New York: Columbia University Press. 2011. Leiden: Brill. The Background of the Mencian Theory of Human Nature. Tsing Hua Journal of Chinese Studies 6.12: 215271. 17With Zhuangzi, on the other hand, it is often not clear what exactly the point of a story is nor what position Zhuangzi himself might be criticizing or advancing. Chuangtse . A Complete Translation of the Zhuangzi [in modern Chinese] . Wang Bi and Xuanxue. In Dao Companion to Daoist Philosophy, edited by Xiaogan Liu. Contemporary Annotations and Translations of the Zhuangzi . If, in time, he turns my left arm into a rooster, Ill use it to crow the day. One who has achieved the intellectual flexibility to recognize that a gourd (although normally used as a ladle) can (if big enough) also serve as a boat has also achieved the flexibility to see the value in things at which the many laugh.22. Zhuangzi said, The minnows swim about so freely, following the openings wherever they take them. 1891. New York: Columbia University Press. Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine. Some of these purposes include helping us to: 1)better understand a concept by artificially constructing a scenario that makes certain features more salient 2) think about where we stand on a specific issue 3) consider alternative perspectives in a given situation and 4) see in what way a philosophers many thoughts could be made coherent or reasonable. The Drunkards And The Tavern A Poem by Rumi, An illustrated ebook of Vigyan Bhairav Tantra translated by Lakshman Joo. Why not lash them together like big buoys and go floating on rivers and lakes instead of worrying that they were too big to dip into anything?21. (LogOut/ The Complete Work of the Zhuangzi . Even though the lessons are in story form, that doesnt mean that they are easy to decipher. Liu, Qingping. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press. Lin Ma. Emotionless in Confucianism and Daoism: A New Interpretation. Journal of Chinese Philosophy 38.1: 118133. volume20,pages 133148 (2021)Cite this article. Eifring, Halvor. London: Bernard Quaeitch. By utilizing modern logical analysis tools, this study reveals what and how the propositions and inferences contained in the language of the debate are articulated accurately and strictly. %PDF-1.5 WebAn interesting legend of Zongzi has been passed down through generations from ancient China. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Zhuangzi and Huizi were strolling along the dam of the Hao Waterfall when Zhuangzi said, See how the minnows come out and dart around where they please! What better carriage? The specific type of fiction that Western philosophers use is often called a thought experiment. Machek, David. vres De Tchoang-Tzeu. The great gourd. 1993. Roth, Harold D. 1991. 30Perhaps if only Zhuangzi and others didnt come up with such memorable traps. <> 2001. What is he trying to do? We show that these peaceful attitudes are associated with the idea of wuwei in the Zhuangzi. It is vital to note that Huizis acknowledgment that Zhuangzi is not a fish demonstrates some truism in the problem brought about by SR. ______, trans. Master Sacrifice went to ask after him. Wandering on the Way. But more on that when we return to discuss the Equalizing Assessment of Things in chapter two. WebThe Asian master of wit and storytelling is the Daoist, Zhuangzi (sometimes spelled Chuang-Tzu). Les fondements philosophiques de la rhtorique chez les sophistes grecs et chez les sophiste chinois. Indianapolis: Hackett. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. crits de Matre Wen , . To learn about our use of cookies and how you can manage your cookie settings, please see our Cookie Policy. 2003. Theory of Non-Emotion in the Zhuangzi and Its Connection to Wei-Jin Poetry. Journal of Chinese Philosophy 40.2: 340354. The unrealistic nature of a thought experiment is one thing that can differentiate it from other counterfactual reasoning. On my reading, Zhuangzis Wilhelm, Richard, trans. Some scholars have suggested that Huizis argument is self-contradictory; however, in fact, based on such evaluations of Huizis argument, we can conclude that Zhuangzis logic is also self-contradictory. Morgan, Jeffrey. I filled it with liquid, but it was not firm enough to lift. Zhuangzi - Chapter 1 (Carefree Living) - Huizi's Giant Gords. And between one individual and another, and another, each will be in some ways Huizi, and in other ways Zhuang Zhou. Furthermore, in giving voice to such an odd character, Zhuangzi could be challenging those of us who have a problem with unusual transformations happening to us to have a looser grip on our expectations in life. The Writings of Kwang-Tze. This is the necessary humility for one to overcome his arrogance. Middendorf, Ulrike. 2013. WebZhuangzi, or Chuang-tzu, (born c. 369, Meng, Chinadied 286 bce), Most significant early Chinese interpreter of Daoism and the purported author of the Daoist classic that bears 2004. WebAnother storyHuizi and Zhuangzi about gourds starts when the king of Weis large gourdgives Huizi gourd seeds. We show that these peaceful attitudes are associated with the idea of wuwei in the Zhuangzi. Morgan, Jeffrey. Zhuangzi is a master storyteller and he uses that talent to teach important moral He does this because he knows his logic to be validthat is to say, he knows that his premises and conclusions follow. 27In comparison, Zhuangzis stories arguably fail as good thought experiments because there often isnt a clear question being asked, nor is it always evident what position Zhuangzi is trying to advance, what distinctions or aspects of the story he thinks are important, etc. Graham, A. C. 1981. . 1957. The vehicle of story makes Zhuangzi memorable for sure who can forget the idea of someones arm turning into a rooster? Zhuang Zi . In The Sacred Books of the East, edited by F. Max Mller. 2013. Commentary and Subcommentary on the Zhuangzi . This curiosity about the man behind the story I will return to later. Nothing Can Overcome Heaven: The Notion of Spirit in the Zhuangzi. In Hiding the World in the World: Uneven Discourses on the Zhuangzi, edited by Scott Cook. Beijing : Zhonghua Shuju . For example, we might want to interpret Master Chariots story in light of other thingsZhuangzi says about the natural transformation of things25 and conclude that Zhuangzi is trying to say that transformation (whether an arm into a rooster, or life into death) is nothing to fear or avoid. For example, consider the story in Chapter 6 of a man who is physically deformed. It is precisely because we dont know exactly what Zhuangzi is up to that the discussion and wonder are enduring. Introduction: Emotions and the Conceptual History of Qing . In Love and Emotions in Traditional Chinese Literature, edited by Halvor Eifring. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11712-020-09765-6, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11712-020-09765-6. It would seem that the virtue of Master Chariot is that he humbly accepts whatever happens to him, and it is the mental (ability to let go) that is more important than the physical. 2015. 18ZDA031]. At other times, he presents a story and just leaves it more up to the reader to interpret. Emotions That Do Not Move: Zhuangzi and Stoics on Self-Emerging Feelings. Dao: A Journal of Comparative Philosophy 14.4: 521544.

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