Eventually, some 8,000 people will be able to live in the 5 new neighbourhoods created from the Olympic Parkland. The death blow to the docks was the creation of containerised cargo and other technological changes. More than 98 percent of the demolition waste from decrepit buildings that were torn down was recycled. The 2012 Olympic Games, including the Paralympics, brought much-needed regeneration to certain parts of London. The following factors were partly responsible for the success of the bid: A further issue was the very local focus of Londons bid. Approximately 9000 jobs were lost or moved. This includes 4,000 trees, 74,000 plants and 60,000 bulbs, and 300,000 wetland plants. The site chosen covered parts of Stratford, Bow, Leyton and Hackney Wick in East London (figure 3). This is because Stratford is now a more affluent area, increasing the cost of living. After the Olympic Games were over, the park was named the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park. Improving transport links while maintaining the natural beauty of places will be important. However, rural areas have seen a recent increase in population due to counter-urbanisation. Around 10 billion. These case studies inform about the nature of different regeneration projects, measures of success in a regeneration project and the different assessments according to different stakeholders. Which 3 legacies were planned in the bidding process? Afterwards, an estimated 2,500 jobs are available. During construction, much of the wildlife already there had to be relocated. The stadiums were made of at least 25% recycled materials. Explaining why so many radicals were drawn to the distant county, Issa says: "Essentially the region . Answer . This was due to the plans that London put forward in regards to the games. existing waste and industrial land, was the reason it was chosen in the UK's bid to host the 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games. Stratford's deindustrialisation, along with the closure of the Royal Docks, had a massive impact. Key elements of urban regeneration are economic transition, employment change, social and community building and sustainable development. As well as simply an increased awareness, there is now much more pressure from stakeholders and the public to act in a way that is not detrimental to future people and the environment. The Olympics brought more than 9bn of investment to east London, much of which went into transport. Currently, about 40% of the 2,818 houses will be affordable. What was Stratford like before regeneration? Earn points, unlock badges and level up while studying. For construction, much of the wildlife already there had to be relocated. The containerised cargo was much more efficient for transporting goods, but it required larger ships. Why was Stratford chosen for the Olympic Park? The Salford Quays Development Plan was proposed. Create flashcards in notes completely automatically. For example, Edinburgh's regeneration scheme will include carbon-neutral housing and public transport links, extensions of the public transport network to connect more people to the city, the introduction of mixed-use neighbourhoods and a 'green network' that connects all the urban green spaces via low-emission routes. Urban areas experience huge amounts of pollution, e.g. Industrialisation started slowly in Stratford, but the Metropolitan Building Act, the arrival of the railway, and the creation of the nearby Royal Docks saw a massive acceleration in industrialisation. Dessibourg, Hales, and Mendoza Pea, 2017. The city's regeneration helped to rebuild the area, but its impact adversely affected some of its population. Set individual study goals and earn points reaching them. Have enough resources or basic services to provide for the entire population. 2. Create and find flashcards in record time. . Remember to attempt a counter-argument and rebuttal, and that this is a formal letter so you should be using formal business language. Nearby Saunton Sands, Braunton Burrows and Baggy Point were used by American soldiers to practise for the D-day landings. For example, the Host Borough of Newham had 4,364 residents employed by LOCOG or by their contractors and a further 5,518 employed indirectly on the Games in the lead-up and at Games time. It seems likely that there was a political influence in the decision such as the French president insulting the Finnish delegation by complaining about the quality of Finnish food. Impacts of changing trends in resource consumption, Multidimensional development and the SDGs, Patterns and trends in leisure and tourism, Leisure hierarchy and sphere of influence, 3. I was pretty sure I wanted to go to the latter, but I needed Stanford as a backup. Some of the new facilities would be reused in their Olympic form, while others would be reduced in size and several would be relocated elsewhere in the UK. The venue will allow for 3,500spectators and would host local, national, and worldwide swimming events. Before industrialisation, Stratford was an agricultural community. The choice of Stratford in London The area chosen for the main Olympic facilities was a relatively deprived part of London: The area was therefore identifiably in need of regeneration and expected to benefit from improvements to infrastructure that would mean: Location of main venue just seven minutes by train from Central London The construction of the Aquatics Centre and the Velopark was confirmed before London won the Games, so it might be more accurate to call them legacies of the bid rather than of the Games. London 2012 was the successful bid to host the 2012 Summer Olympics, held in London with most events taking place in Stratford in the borough of Newham.The British Olympic Association had been working on the bid since 1997, and presented its report to government ministers in December 2000.. [39], The Aquatics Centre after the games will include two 50-metre pools, a 25-metre diving pool and a fitness centre. There was no confirmed link between the IOC decision and the attack,[5] which also coincided with the G8 Summit in Scotland. Also, the re-opening of the Royal Docks is causing economic growth. However, this required the compulsory purchase of some businesses and this caused controversy, with some of the business owners claiming that the compensation offered was inadequate. The first Join In weekend (encouraging volunteerism as the profile was increased from volunteers at the Olympics), in August 2012, featured over 6,000 events. Olympics and their economic impact: Updated research roundup. arts, Massive construction scheme lasting years disrupts local communities, New sports venues around London and elsewhere e.g. Test your knowledge with gamified quizzes. Four indoor arenas (Olympic Park Arenas 14), hosting basketball (2), fencing (4), volleyball (1). [34], Marketing Director David Magliano said that 1.5million tickets would be sold for 15 (US$29). [28], Additionally, there were to be two major park and ride sites off the M25 within 25 minutes of the Olympic Park capable of holding 12,000 cars. [35], To facilitate the Olympics at a governmental level, Cabinet-level Minister for the Olympics Tessa Jowell was set to be responsible for the games. During these months the temperature is nice, and there is limited rainfall, It is one of the best spots in the UK to surf, Always swim between the flags as that is the safest spot. It was one of the most deprived communities of the UK, it had a high population density, low annual income, high unemployment, it had readily available waste and industrial lands for building, and it was located only 7 minutes from the City. Create beautiful notes faster than ever before. All of the Olympic venues have been sold, providing an extra income. 300,000 plants were planted in the Olympic Parks wetland area. Stratford was chosen to host the 2012 Olympics meaning large amounts of FDI were attracted to the area. Containerisation. It was changed to commemorate the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II. It involves University College London (UCL), the BBC, Sadler's Wells, the V&A (Victoria & Albert) and the London College of Fashion. Fig. This made it an ideal location for putting up the park, especially since it was located only seven minutes from Central London. Some reasons were the overseas competition, loss of the British Empire, and insufficient industrial and technological innovations. 4. Stratford was a significant transport hub by the early 19th century. The organising committee laid out the following figures: The revenue for the games was also projected: While this projection seemed reasonable, many were adamant about the actual costs. Independent experts said Games preparations were a major factor behind a 1.2 percent reduction in Londons unemployment rate in early 2012. As of the time of the bid, projections for the cost of the 2012 Olympics were low. In 1839, Stratford station was opened, and in 1847, a railway works and depot for engines and rolling stock was established. There are great places to live, such as The Stratford, a 42-storey tower with 248 rental flats and a sky garden. via reusing and recycling). The Olympic games had a relatively positive impact on the area, with new houses, shops, and schools. ODA [Olympic Delivery Authority], 2015. What is the best time to visit Croyde and why? 2000: Prime Minister's son arrested for drunkenness. By registering you get free access to our website and app (available on desktop AND mobile) which will help you to super-charge your learning process. Stratford ultimately went from being a deprived community to a more affluent place to live. Since the COVID-19 global pandemic, more and more people have been working from home. [39], The 80,000-seat Olympic Stadium will be converted into a 25,000-seat multi-purpose venue to be mainly used for athletics events. While the two urban areas differ in terms of location and history, they do have things in common. The focus on sustainability across regeneration projects has increased as awareness of environmental issues, such as climate change, has increased. The containerised cargo was much more efficient for transporting goods, but it required larger ships. A new youth sport strategy for the UK invested GBP1bn in youth sport over the five years following the Games and created 6,000 new community sports clubs. 560million from IOC television and marketing deals. Green areas were created along the river banks. Explain what the legacy for the sports venues was? There were also to be many upgrades to National Rail services with the Channel Tunnel Rail Link, a new high-speed rail link, several new stations and upgrades to stations such as King's Cross St Pancras. [22], Australian construction company Lend Lease Corp Ltd was chosen to build the Olympic Village. Have provisions to allow people to walk, cycle and/or make use of public transport, instead of relying on cars. One important aspect of building the venues was to make them out of as much sustainable material as possible. Stratford was at Middlesex from 1877 to 1880, during which time he also played first-class cricket with the Marylebone Cricket Club. [30][31] and the London Organising Committee planned on selling a total of 6.5million (an 81% sellout) Olympic tickets, and a 63% sellout for Paralympic tickets. Will there be another Mario and sonic game? Lots of great places to eat, drink, relax, and shop, Stratford is one of the best-connected areas of London. Outside of London the success was not universally welcomed, with fears that the event would divert funding from the rest of the country and that the rest of the United Kingdom would be forced to help fund it, for no benefit. Buildings that were going to get a new life after the Games were permanent buildings. Create the most beautiful study materials using our templates. The River Zone featured five main venues in the Thames Gateway area straddling the River Thames: The Central Zone was formed out of all the remaining venues within Greater London. At the time of the bid, those involved in British sport were hopeful that there would also be a 2012 legacy of increased commitment to sport in the UK, with the social and health benefits they believe that could bring, but it will be difficult to assess whether or not this really happens. The purchased buildings were demolished to make way for Olympic venues and infrastructure improvements. It will be extended further northwards, with the legacy road cycling circuit straddling the A12 and extending into the old Eton Manor site, where the mountain biking area will be located. The majority of venues were divided into three zones within Greater London: the Olympic Zone, the River Zone and the Central Zone. A town centre, like an urban area more generally, is a common place targeted by regeneration projects. https://www.rgs.org/NR/rdonlyres/1E506FE2-3179-439C-81F2-B43D0B97D058/0/CGT_NetRaising_8Olympicpresentation.pdf Accessed 17 January 2018. These ships could not navigate down as far as the Royal Docks. Stop procrastinating with our study reminders. The IOC evaluation commission chair Nawal El Moutawakel speaking at a press conference in London observed: "We could feel it, hear it and see it." The River Lea, which runs through the Park, was improved, including its water quality. This closure led to massive unemployment and social problems across East London, and Stratford was no exception. ALL PAPER 2 CASE STUDIES GEOGRAPHY GCSE AQA - Grade 9 notes. In pre-Olympic times, Stratford's 20-foot tall 'Fridge Mountain' was one of the area's most iconic eyesores. from June to October. Tessa Jowell, the former Minister for Sport, once told a parliamentary committee that regenerating Stratford without hosting the Olympics would cost 300 million. Upload unlimited documents and save them online. Create beautiful notes faster than ever before. The London 2012 Olympics was set against ambitious promises of lasting change, from "inspire a generation" to "regenerate an entire community ". This makes Stratford a good place to live if you have children. The east side of the village would appear to be somewhat crowded. That estimate may have been a. For example, there is no use building lots of nice new houses if most people can't afford to buy them! Stratford's status, along with the already existing waste and industrial land, was the reason it was chosen in the UK's bid to host the 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games. Construction of all of the buildings mentioned above created 1,500 jobs, with at least 30% of that workforce being local residents. The Illusory Economic Gains from Hosting the Olympics World Cup. Only 1 bus an hour from Monday to Saturday, Only 1 bus every 2 hours on Sunday. Stratford (selected roles): Lucky (Waiting for Godot), Pompey (Measure for Measure), Uncle John (The Grapes of Wrath), Antigonus (The Winter's Tale), Senex (A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum), Richard Voss (The Physicists . Case studies are a good way of putting the concepts into the real world and seeing exactly how they work and what influences them. [4] The games were won without a commitment to deliver Crossrail by 2012. Its 100% free. At least 60 Games-related projects promoted greener travel, including a GBP 10 million investment to upgrade pedestrian and cycling routes across London. With it, Stratford saw a lot of work opportunities. Regeneration is the process of upgrading existing urban, rural, industrial and commercial areas to bring about social and economic change on a long-term scale. Each apartment was billed to include Internet access and wireless networking and other state-of-the-art technology.[25]. Why was Stratford chosen for the Olympics? Be perfectly prepared on time with an individual plan. [1] On 6 July 2005 at its 117th Session in Singapore, the IOC awarded London the right to host the Games of the XXX Olympiad. Building sustainable urban systems for the future, Is this a good page? Some venues were built as permanent venues and got new use after the games. Public transport, an aspect of the bid which scored poorly in the IOC's initial evaluation,[26] was planned to see numerous improvements, including the expansion of the London Underground's East London Line, upgrades to the Docklands Light Railway and the North London Line, and the temporary "Olympic Javelin" service. It contains the Olympic stadium, now known as the London Stadium, and the Olympic swimming pool together with the athletes' Olympic Village and . (A TOK-able moment), The costs and benefits of hosting the Games, Case study: London Olympics 2012: Learning activities, https://d2rpq8wtqka5kg.cloudfront.net/129049/open20120701120000.pdf?Expires=1511793842&Signature=R043y307dmxOAQKbZckf67uuGsQhQUZ3~Fuml0zdCMn0Y2ZjYobP36CAdEROzjj4QvHUN0aFZKha~v7h8RAt1XLxQKkIZGyf6Z5h3N~U01FZv~N5u4gIXs~z43IkDQMr~1ShM9I4Px7hWR6~yG7TRi57jLt8x3Ti~2HiHGZYAiDpXP68St7EadjRxLr6HDZRtf-mOBRGCSKCxx7S-bhDyZWlDqR8kP4jayZQr7UtYoN-qSbdz6SqNBd3AIrQNhaCLp51mWZkSFex8XdXJblqSZDlAgdPYHvGLyD6wsZLSZAmvUE9MDQ4ol~SOhQ9qI9-zggFSUgaagHj1mPDR9Ak9A__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJVGCNMR6FQV6VYIA, About (including cookies and data privacy issues), New article: urban deprivation in Nairobi, Youth engagement in sport was one of the pillars of Londons bit, Sustainability and legacy were pillars of Londons bid, Regeneration was emphasised as part of the bid: the IOC was shown photos of the derelict former industrial areas, The UK government had decided to focus its Olympic bids on London after failing to win the Games in 1992, 1996 and 2000 with bids from Birmingham and Manchester (two other major UK cities), Gender and age issues: most of those who spoke in the Paris presentation were male and middle aged; the London presentation included children and represented a multicultural London. https://journalistsresource.org/studies/government/infrastructure-government/economic-and-cultural-benefits-of-the-olympics-research-roundup Accessed 17 January 2018. This is down to a few factors: With more and more people moving to rural areas, some regeneration may be needed. Deindustrialisation is a process of social and economic change that happens when industrial capacity is either reduced or entirely removed from a region. Afterwards, an estimated 2,500 jobs are available. Overall, the UK's share of manufacturing outputs had significantly dropped to 4.9% by 1973, which was even lower than the 9.5% in 1830, pre-Industrial Revolution. Transport for London invested GBP 6.5 billion in transport infrastructure in preparation for the 2012 Games. [4], Overall, do you think that the Games were a success? Comparison had been drawn between the Manchester bid and this one, in terms of the amount of government support, and the overwhelmingly hostile attitude of the London-based press to Manchester's bid. This was primarily paid by lottery funds, meaning that other things, such as the arts, lost out on a lot of money. It should be remembered that London is already the worlds second most globalised city (Dessibourg, Hales, and Mendoza Pea, 2017) and has been in that position since the index began in 2008. The waste and industrial land were cleaned. In Stratford, the average family incomeper year was 28,900, but in London overall, it was 37,000. At time of the bid the following were the tentative completion dates for some of the remaining venues: Channel Tunnel/Stratford rail link (2007); Aquatics Centre and London Velopark (2008); East London line extension (2010); Olympic Stadium and Heathrow Terminal 5 final completion (2011). Olympic Park case study urban regeneration. Summary - London - opportunities & challenges geography gcse. The area was then underdeveloped, and thus a well-suited place to construct the village. The creation of containerised cargo and other technological changes. The containerised cargo was much more efficient for transporting goods, but it required larger ships. Why did Stratford need to be regenerated? This means people can find work elsewhere. Set individual study goals and earn points reaching them. [1], The IOC noted that future negotiations were necessary to ensure the use of the Old Trafford and Villa Park football stadiums. Check out our explanation of Urban and Rural spaces to learn more! Sustainable regeneration projects are providing a way to upgrade places in the long-term without compromising on the needs of the future generation(s) and the environment. By the 18th century, Stratford became known for potato growing which continued in the mid-1800s. [39], To connect a variety of cycling and walking trails throughout the Lea Valley, the London Velopark will be transformed into a multi-discipline cycling centre. 1978: Eleven die in sleeper train inferno. As tension with the Soviet Union rose during the Cold War, a Royal Observer Corps (ROC) bunker was erected to watch over the British skies for any Soviet planes, bombs or missiles, Very limited. ALL of the Olympic venues have been sold. 380 businesses relocated away from park to make way for Olympics, Cost of living in the area for poorer people will increase. Nie wieder prokastinieren mit unseren Lernerinnerungen. Why was Stratford chosen for the Olympics? At the time of the bid, 60% of the venues and facilities were in place. The earlier stages of the football competition were played at football stadia around the country including: The Olympic Village was located in Lower Lea Valley in east London. Buildings that were going to get a new life after the Games were permanent buildings. 1. Stevens, A. Stratford lacked proper infrastructure, and the environmental quality was poor. A regeneration project run by the Merseyside Development Corporation from the 1980s onwards has allowed the area to transform into a hub for investment, tourism and commercial activity. Following three consecutive unsuccessful UK bids to host summer Olympic Games (Birmingham for 1992 and Manchester for 1996 and 2000), the decision was made to bid with London, given the clear indication that it was the only UK city that had a chance of being selected by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) when put up against other world cities in a competitive bidding process. This land would be cleaned up and improved before construction. This success created many (new) jobs. Stratford was also chosen for the 500-acre Olympic Park as the area already had existing waste and industrial land. Closest train station is Barnstaple, 10mi/16km away. The Lower Lea Valley had poor soil conditions, but the soil was cleaned up on site. The park contains:[9]. They helped secure a better vote for this category. For the most part, predictions showed that on event days, 78% of spectators were likely to travel from within London and only 22% from the rest of the UK and Europe. The London Olympics have brought many positive things to Stratford, although there have also been some negatives. Economically, the Games occurred during the recovery from the global financial crisis of 2008-10, and many people felt that the approximate cost of GBP10bn to be too high, despite the lasting benefits to the environment and the future of the economy. Built in 1977, near where the Olympic velodrome now stands, it was an experiment in creating close-knit communities to help vulnerable single people in east London. Most of the grounds in the Olympic Park have been kept as parkland, and it is open to the public. This led to larger ships which could no longer navigate the canal. With it, Stratford saw a lot of work opportunities. Why was Stratford regenerated? Enjoy a self-guided tour of the park with walks to suit the whole family. In the wake of the problems that plagued the Millennium Dome, the intention was that there would be no white elephants after the games. 4m of Grade 'A' office space. Afterwards, it is predicted that this would support another 2,500 jobs. London succeeded in its Bid for a number of reasons. Expenditure from overseas visitors in August, including Games ticket sales, totalled GBP 4.5 billion. The Weymouth and Portland National Sailing Academy, in Portland Harbour, Dorset, on the south coast of England, would be used for the sailing events. In addition to stadium seats, there would be 20,000 10 (US$19) tickets for the Olympic Park to watch events on big screens. The improvements and upgrades made have made a lasting legacy impact. Nie wieder prokastinieren mit unseren Lernerinnerungen. The games produced 3.3 million tons of CO2. [1] Public transport, an aspect of the proposal which scored poorly for the bid, saw numerous improvements, including to the London Underground and the new "Olympic Javelin" service.[4]. 1997: Mars buggy starts exploring Red Planet. Stop procrastinating with our smart planner features. [8], Suggest reasons why some people feel that the Games were not an appropriate way to spend the money. Athletes have been closely involved in the planning of the Olympic Village. All venues that will not have a planned use after the games are over will be built as temporary venues. This makes Stratford a good place to live. "I didn . The following venues were built for these Games: After its reopening, it was given the name Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park, to commemorate the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II, although it is not an official Royal Park. It had one of the most deprived communities in the country, unemployment was high, and health levels were poor. From May to September, throughout the Easter weekend and all October weekends and October Half Term, from 10 am to 6 pm. In Liverpool, the collapse of the Albert Docks in the 1960s caused warehouses to become abandoned, people to lose their jobs, environmental quality to decrease and people to move out of the area. Stratford's status, along with the already. Why was Stratford chosen for the 2012 Olympics? However, the criteria of the IOC included government support and public opinion, city infrastructure (such as transport), sports venues and experience, olympic village and accommodation, environmental impact and legacy, safety and security, and finance. One of the most prominent of the proposed legacy is the conversion of the Olympic Village into 3,600apartments, most of which will be affordable housing. The buildings are also expected to bring in more tourists, which is an economic benefit. A Tracey Manning, working men's caf, East End Centre, 2006 Tracey provided breakfast to the local workers beginning at 4 a.m every day for 13 years. These ships could not navigate down as far as the Royal Docks. 75 pence of every pound spent on the Olympics went towards providing a lasting legacy to East London residents. These areas were chosen because they were in need of urban regeneration as they were more deprived compared to other regions in the UK.
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